#D2080G Borealis-KOR
$895.00 – $2,995.00
Borealis is a fluorescent biosensor assay for arrestin recruitment. This kit captures arrestin recruitment kinetics at the unmodified κ-Opioid Receptor (KOR) in live cells.
A kinetic biosensor assay for arrestin recruitment converts conformational changes in arrestin-3 (β-arrestin-2) to changes in fluorescence intensity. This kit detects arrestin recruitment at the unmodified κ-Opioid Receptor (KOR). The Borealis Arrestin Sensor, and KOR, are packaged in a BacMam viral vector for easy delivery to most cell types. Validated for use on fluorescence imaging systems and automated fluorescence plate readers. See the Borealis Arrestin Biosensors page for additional details.
Featured Posters:
- Using receptor kinetics to quantitatively measure agonist bias at G-protein coupled receptors
- Coloring β-arrestin signaling green, and G-protein signaling red, a new live cell assay for quantitatively measuring agonist bias at seven transmembrane domain receptors.
- Measuring biased agonism with a kinetic analysis platform for real time data from fluorescent biosensors
Materials in the Kit:
• Green Borealis Biosensor for arrestin, in BacMam
• Unmodified κ-Opioid Receptor (KOR), in BacMam
• GPCR Kinase 5 (GRK5), in BacMam
• Sodium Butyrate, 500mM in H2O
• Control Receptor: Angiotensin II-Type 1 (AT1R), in BacMam
• Control Agonist: Angiotensin II, 5mM in H2O
Additional information
| Protocol for Use | https://montanamolecular.com/beta-arrestin-assays/green-fluorescent-beta-arrestin-assays-protocol/ |
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| Shipping | We strive for prompt delivery of each order, so we ship by FedEx 2-day service in lightweight, sturdy, and reusable/biodegradable packaging with an insulated cooler and moisture-resistant refrigerant gel packs. Shipping days are Mon-Wed so product does not sit in transit over the weekend. Web store ships to US & Canada only, contact sales for other locations. |
| MSDS | |
| Scientific Publications | |
| More Info | |
| Kit Volume | 10mL, 30mL, 60mL |
GPCR Assay References
Borealis Arrestin Assay References
- E. Billard, et al. Pharmacological characterization of cannabidiol as a negative allosteric modulator of the 5-HT2A receptor. Cellular Signaling. January 2025.
- I. Davies, et al. Chronic GIPR agonism results in pancreatic islet GIPR functional desensitisation. Molecular Metabolism. January 2025.
- A. Ippolito, et al. Increased 5-HT2A receptor signalling efficacy differentiates serotonergic psychedelics from non-psychedelics. bioRxiv. June 2024.
- H. Schiff, et al. β-arrestin-biased proteinase-activated receptor-2 antagonist C781 limits allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. British Journal of Pharmacology. June 2022.
- S. Hoare, et al. Quantifying the Kinetics of Signaling and Arrestin Recruitment by Nervous System G-Protein Coupled Receptors. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. January 2022.
- S. Hoare, T. Hughes. Biosensor Assays for Measuring the Kinetics of G-Protein and Arrestin-Mediated Signaling in Live Cells. The Assay Guidance Manual. September 2021.
- S. Hoare, et al. Analyzing kinetic signaling data for G-protein-coupled receptors. Nature Scientific Reports. July 2020.
- S. Hoare, et al. A kinetic method for measuring agonist efficacy and ligand bias using high resolution biosensors and a kinetic data analysis framework. Nature Scientific Reports. Feb 2020.
cADDis cAMP Assay References
- L. Coassolo, et al. Prohormone cleavage prediction uncovers a non-incretin anti-obesity peptide. Nature. March 2025.
- R. Schuck, et al. Cholesterol inhibits assembly and oncogenic activation of the EphA2 receptor. Nature Communications Biology. March 2025.
- E. Blythe, et al. Endocytosis sculpts distinct cAMP signal transduction by endogenously coexpressed GPCRs. bioRxiv preprint. February 2025.
- S. Orfanos, et al. The differential effects of cAMP mobilizing agents on inhibition of TGF-β-induced extracellular matrix and growth factor expression in human lung fibroblasts. Authorea. February 2025.
- A. Klein, et al. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1) and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) restores ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel activity after chronic opioid exposure. bioRxiv. February 2025.
- I. Davies, et al. Chronic GIPR agonism results in pancreatic islet GIPR functional desensitisation. Molecular Metabolism. January 2025.
- N. Patel, et al. Myosin VI drives arrestin-independent internalization and signaling of GPCRs. Nature Communications. December 2024.
- C. Bonner, et al. Metabolic State Determines Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Liraglutide-Enhanced Insulin Secretion. Research Square. December 2024.
- M. Kimura, et al. Intracellular cAMP signaling-induced Ca2+ influx mediated by calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) in human odontoblasts. European Journal of Physiology. November 2024.
- A. Ali, et al. Comparative Effects of GLP-1 and GLP-2 on Beta-Cell Function, Glucose Homeostasis and Appetite Regulation. Biomolecules. November 2024.
- A. Hamilton, et al. Nicotinic signaling stimulates glucagon secretion in mouse and human pancreatic α-cells. Diabetes. October 2024.
- LE Eid, et al. In vivo functional profiling and structural characterisation of the human Glp1r A316T variant. bioRxiv. October 2024.
- L. Ripoll, et al. Spatial organization of adenylyl cyclase and its impact on dopamine signaling in neurons. Nature Communications. September 2024.
- R. Nassini, et al. Targeting the Schwann Cell EP2/cAMP Nanodomain to Block Pain but not Inflammation. bioRxiv. September 2024.
- S. Maghsoudi, et al. Adenylyl Cyclase Isoform 6 in the Pulmonary Artery Is Inhibited by Hypoxia via Cysteine Nitrosylation. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. August 2024.
- Y. Manchange, et al. Engineered mini-G proteins block the internalization of cognate GPCRs and disrupt downstream intracellular signaling. Science Signaling. July 2024.
DAG Assay References
- E. Billard, et al. Pharmacological characterization of cannabidiol as a negative allosteric modulator of the 5-HT2A receptor. Cellular Signaling. January 2025.
- X. Chen, et al. Roles for PKC signaling in chromaffin cell exocytosis. Biophysical Journal. December 2024.
- A. Hamilton, et al. Nicotinic signaling stimulates glucagon secretion in mouse and human pancreatic α-cells. Diabetes. October 2024.
- X. Chen, et al. A PACAP-activated network for secretion requires coordination of Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ mobilization. Molecular Biology of the Cell. May 2024. (bioRxiv)
- S. Datta, et al. APOL1-mediated monovalent cation transport contributes to APOL1-mediated podocytopathy in kidney disease. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. January 2024. (Supplemental Data)
- Z. Miller, et al. Lidocaine induces apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through activation of bitter taste receptor T2R14. Cell Reports. November 2023. (bioRxiv)
- N. Zaïmia, et al. GLP-1 and GIP receptors signal through distinct β-arrestin 2-dependent pathways to regulate pancreatic β cell function. Cell Reports. October 2023.
- G. Sanchez, et al. Coincident Regulation of PLCβ Signaling by Gq-Coupled and μ-Opioid Receptors Opposes Opioid-Mediated Antinociception. Molecular Pharmacology. December 2022.
- Z. Miller, et al. Lidocaine Induces Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Through Activation of Bitter Taste Receptor T2R14. bioRxiv. November 2022.
- M. Doepner, et al. Endogenous DOPA inhibits melanoma through suppression of CHRM1 signaling. Science Advances. September 2022.
PIP2 Assay References
- V. Chandar, et al. Intercellular contact is sufficient to drive Fibroblast to Myofibroblast transitions. arXiv. March 2025.
- L. Brueggemann, et al. Structural Determinants of Kv7.5 Potassium Channels that Confer Changes in Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Biphosphate (PIP2) Affinity and Signaling Sensitivity in Smooth Muscle Cells. Molecular Pharmacology. March 2020.
- L.Liu, et al. Gαq sensitizes TRPM8 to inhibition by PI(4,5)P2 depletion upon receptor activation. J.Neurosci. May 2019.
- ,  and  Teaching an Old Drug New Tricks: Agonism, Antagonism, and Biased Signaling of Pilocarpine through M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Molecular Pharmacology Nov. 2018
GECO Calcium Assay References
- X. Chen, et al. Roles for PKC signaling in chromaffin cell exocytosis. Biophysical Journal. December 2024.
- X. Chen, et al. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of the host TRPC4 channel attenuates Zika virus infection. EMBO Molecular Medicine. July 2024.
- X. Chen, et al. A PACAP-activated network for secretion requires coordination of Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ mobilization. Molecular Biology of the Cell. May 2024. (bioRxiv)
- C. Amos, et al. Membrane lipids couple synaptotagmin to SNARE-mediated granule fusion in insulin-secreting cells. Molecular Biology of the Cell. December 2023.
- J. Wu, et al. Interaction Between HCN and Slack Channels Regulates mPFC Pyramidal Cell Excitability and Working Memory. bioRxiv. March 2023.
- M. Thomas, et al. Optically activated, customizable, excitable cells. PLOS One. December 2020.
- L. Liu, et al. Diacylglycerol kinases regulate TRPV1 channel activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry. April 2020.
- S. Hoare, et al. A kinetic method for measuring agonist efficacy and ligand bias using high resolution biosensors and a kinetic data analysis framework. Nature Scientific Reports Feb 2020.
- K. Harlen, et al. Live-Cell Assays for Cell Stress Responses Reveal New Patterns of Cell Signaling Caused by Mutations in Rhodopsin, α-Synuclein and TDP-43 Front. Cell. Neurosci.,December 2019
